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Comparative transcriptomic profiling of human conjunctival epithelial cells and macrophages in response to Chlamydia trachomatis genovars A and B in early- and mid-infection cycles
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), an obligate intracellular bacterium, is the primary infectious cause of blindness through trachoma. Ct undergoes a unique biphasic developme...
Bifidobacterium- and Escherichia-dominant ecological guilds shape distinct microbial metabolism in the gut microbiome of tuberculosis patients
Introduction Gut microbial community plays a key role in maintaining host immune homeostasis. However, current analytical approaches treat microbiomes at taxon-level an...
Creating an energy efficient central metabolism for boosting biosynthesis without compromising cell growth of yeast
Long-term natural evolution selects glycolysis as the major metabolic mode for rapid cell growth, which however lacks sufficient NADPH supply to dive the biosynthesis o...
A geothermal amoeba sets a new upper temperature limit for eukaryotes
The study of temperature limits has transformed our knowledge of the boundaries of life but has been largely focused on bacteria and archaea. We isolated a novel geothe...
Targeting Metabolic Vulnerabilities: Valinomycin Augments the Potency of Bioenergetic Inhibitors in Combatting Drug-Resistant and Dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is hampered by monotherapy limitations and phenotypic drug tolerance, citing the need for effective drug combinations. The mycobacterial ele...
Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Reveals Nitrogen Recycling as a Core Mechanism for Prochlorococcus Prolonged Survival
Prochlorococcus, the dominant cyanobacterium in the oligotrophic ocean, possesses a streamlined genome and depends on interactions with heterotrophic bacteria for survi...
Nomenclature updates to the hemagglutinin gene clade designations resulting from the continued evolution of high pathogenicity avian influenza A(H5) virus clades 2.3.2.1c and 2.3.4.4
The evolutionary divergence of the A(H5) hemagglutinin (HA) gene of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) viruses (A/goose/Guangdong/96 lineage) was analyzed by phy...
Viral protease-mediated polyprotein processing in human astroviruses
Positive-sense RNA viruses often encode large polyproteins that are proteolytically processed by viral and host proteases into functional replication proteins. Astrovir...
Uncovering structural determinants of peptide recognition by public and private T-cell receptors
Public T cell receptors (TCRs) recurrently emerge across individuals in response to common pathogens, yet the structural and biophysical basis distinguishing public fro...
Arbitrium systems control lysis/lysogeny through the regulation of small antirepressor proteins
Many temperate Bacillus phages utilize the arbitrium signaling system to control lysis/lysogeny decisions. While the function of the arbitrium signal AimP and its recep...
Thermal and non-thermal stress conditions activate the Plasmodium falciparum AP2-HS-dependent heat-shock response
To preserve proteome homeostasis and survive at higher-than-optimal temperatures, organisms have evolved the conserved heat shock (HS) response (HSR), characterised by...
Lithocholic acid induces T3SS-dependent formation of invasion-competent Shigella flexneri aggregates
Shigella flexneri causes shigellosis, the second leading cause of diarrheal deaths worldwide. The pathogen invades colonic epithelial cells using a type III secretion s...
A generalizable cross-continent prediction of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using the oral microbiome
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a disease with limited tools for early screening and a poor prognosis. Symptoms typically appear late, and early cancer is...
Scuticociliate Detection and Microbiome Composition in Museum Collections of Diadema Antillarum
Background. The mass mortality of the long-spined sea urchin Diadema antillarum has caused widespread ecological changes across Caribbean reefs, with recent studies ide...
Characterisation of novel bacteriophages against the cattle pathogen Moraxella bovis
Background: Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis is the most important cattle ocular disease worldwide. The infection is primarily caused by Moraxella bovis and is a...
Non-clinical safety of GRAd vector-based COVID-19 and HIV vaccines supports a platform regulatory approach
The rapid development of safe and efficacious vaccines is often hindered by extensive, mandated non-clinical safety evaluations in animals. Here we present the complete...
A programmable mRNA platform for miRNA detection via miRNA-mRNA2 triplex-mediated ribosomal frameshifting
Programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (-1 PRF) is a recoding mechanism utilized by viruses to expand their coding capacity and modulate the stoichiometric ratio of -1 f...
Characterization of a new laboratory colony of Anopheles funestus mosquitoes established in Ifakara, Tanzania
Background: Anopheles funestus, a major vector of malaria in Africa, has proven difficult to colonize in laboratory settings, impeding research on its biology and contr...
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